Ruching is a fabric manipulation technique used to give a garment texture and dimension by repeatedly pleating and folding the material. Designers use this overlay of gathered fabric to embellish [sleeves](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-are-the-different-types-of-sleeves-in-fashion), bodices, shirts, and [skirts](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-skirts). The ruffled or pleated pattern creates a contrast against the rest of the clothing item or accessory.
Ruching fabric can help embellish many different garments and accessories, such as: 

1. __Swimsuits__: With its flattering, folded pattern, a ruche can create a slimming effect around the midsection, bust, or waistline of a bathing suit. 
2. __Dresses__: Whether on the bodice or the dress skirt itself, ruching creates a textured, three-dimensional look that can give a wedding dress another layer of detail. You can also apply the ruche technique to maxi dresses to help the waistline look more narrow or to the shoulders of milkmaid dresses to create a voluminous effect. Learn more about different [types of dress silhouettes](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/essential-guide-to-dress-silhouettes). 
3. __T-shirts__: Ruching can also be applied to T-shirts and is often seen in V-necks to allow for stretching across the bust. 
4. __Hats__: You can find ruching patterns on slouchy winter hats or caps made from thinner fabrics, like [jersey](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-jersey-fabric) and linen. Ruching can help prevent hats from looking too fitted over the head.
Ruched fabric is a simple way to draw attention to specific areas of your outfit with pleats or ruffles. Here is a guide to ruching your own fabric: 

1. __Mark the area you want to ruche__. Measure your [fabric](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/28-types-of-fabrics-and-their-uses), then outline the area of the material you’re going to ruche. 
2. __Set your ruche lines__. Determine how far apart your ruching [stitch lines](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-hand-sewing-stitches) should be on your item or strip of fabric. The farther apart the lines, the fuller the ruching will be. 
3. __Make your stitches__. You’ll want to use a straight, long stitch length, leaving the thread open on the ends. Some people use a [sewing machine](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-use-a-sewing-machine) for this step. Learn [how to thread a sewing machine](https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-thread-a-sewing-machine) using our complete guide.
4. __Pull your threads__. Once you’ve finished your stitches, gently pull the end of the open threads to gather the fabric. The material should scrunch together across the stitch line. 
5. __Pin your ruche in place__. After you’ve made your ruching folds, use pins to keep the scrunched fabric together. 
6. __Stitch over the ruche__. Using a smaller stitch, stitch over the ruffled fabric, including a backstitch in the beginning and at the end. The result should be a scrunchy, folded look. Repeat this process for other garments as necessary.
There are a few key differences between ruching and shirring. Ruching creates a rippled or folded aesthetic that equally distributes fabric throughout a garment. Shirring is when two or more rows of fabric are gathered and cinched together by an elastic thread (not to be confused with smocking, which uses a hand embroidery stitch rather than elastic to create a similar effect). Ruching creates a voluminous and fuller outfit look, while a shirred garment provides a more stretchy and form-fitting silhouette.
Become a better fashion designer with the [MasterClass Annual Membership](https://www.masterclass.com/). Gain access to exclusive video lessons taught by the world’s best, including Marc Jacobs, Laura Kim & Fernando Garcia, Tan France, Diane von Furstenberg, Anna Wintour, and more.

Sometimes our ensembles need a little extra flair to stand out. Ruching is a stylish way to add a bit of detail and volume to your clothing.

Sometimes our ensembles need a little extra flair to stand out. Ruching is a stylish way to add a bit of detail and volume to your clothing.

Ruching Fabric Guide: How to Ruche Your Own Fabric

Ruching is a fabric manipulation technique used to give a garment texture and dimension by repeatedly pleating and folding the material. Designers use this overlay of gathered fabric to embellish <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-are-the-different-types-of-sleeves-in-fashion' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-are-the-different-types-of-sleeves-in-fashion","linkCopy":"sleeves","category":null}'>sleeves</a>, bodices, shirts, and <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-skirts' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-skirts","linkCopy":"skirts","category":null}'>skirts</a>. The ruffled or pleated pattern creates a contrast against the rest of the clothing item or accessory.

What Is Ruching?

Ruching fabric can help embellish many different garments and accessories, such as: <ol class="mc-m-4"><li class="mc-my-4"> 1. Swimsuits: With its flattering, folded pattern, a ruche can create a slimming effect around the midsection, bust, or waistline of a bathing suit. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 2. Dresses: Whether on the bodice or the dress skirt itself, ruching creates a textured, three-dimensional look that can give a wedding dress another layer of detail. You can also apply the ruche technique to maxi dresses to help the waistline look more narrow or to the shoulders of milkmaid dresses to create a voluminous effect. Learn more about different <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/essential-guide-to-dress-silhouettes' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/essential-guide-to-dress-silhouettes","linkCopy":"types of dress silhouettes","category":null}'>types of dress silhouettes</a>. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 3. T-shirts: Ruching can also be applied to T-shirts and is often seen in V-necks to allow for stretching across the bust. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 4. Hats: You can find ruching patterns on slouchy winter hats or caps made from thinner fabrics, like <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-jersey-fabric' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-jersey-fabric","linkCopy":"jersey","category":null}'>jersey</a> and linen. Ruching can help prevent hats from looking too fitted over the head. </li></ol>

4 Fashion Items That Feature Ruching

Ruched fabric is a simple way to draw attention to specific areas of your outfit with pleats or ruffles. Here is a guide to ruching your own fabric: <ol class="mc-m-4"><li class="mc-my-4"> 1. Mark the area you want to ruche. Measure your <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/28-types-of-fabrics-and-their-uses' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/28-types-of-fabrics-and-their-uses","linkCopy":"fabric","category":null}'>fabric</a>, then outline the area of the material you’re going to ruche. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 2. Set your ruche lines. Determine how far apart your ruching <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-hand-sewing-stitches' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/types-of-hand-sewing-stitches","linkCopy":"stitch lines","category":null}'>stitch lines</a> should be on your item or strip of fabric. The farther apart the lines, the fuller the ruching will be. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 3. Make your stitches. You’ll want to use a straight, long stitch length, leaving the thread open on the ends. Some people use a <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-use-a-sewing-machine' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-use-a-sewing-machine","linkCopy":"sewing machine","category":null}'>sewing machine</a> for this step. Learn <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-thread-a-sewing-machine' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-thread-a-sewing-machine","linkCopy":"how to thread a sewing machine","category":null}'>how to thread a sewing machine</a> using our complete guide. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 4. Pull your threads. Once you’ve finished your stitches, gently pull the end of the open threads to gather the fabric. The material should scrunch together across the stitch line. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 5. Pin your ruche in place. After you’ve made your ruching folds, use pins to keep the scrunched fabric together. </li><li class="mc-my-4"> 6. Stitch over the ruche. Using a smaller stitch, stitch over the ruffled fabric, including a backstitch in the beginning and at the end. The result should be a scrunchy, folded look. Repeat this process for other garments as necessary. </li></ol>

How to Ruche Fabric

There are a few key differences between ruching and shirring. Ruching creates a rippled or folded aesthetic that equally distributes fabric throughout a garment. Shirring is when two or more rows of fabric are gathered and cinched together by an elastic thread (not to be confused with smocking, which uses a hand embroidery stitch rather than elastic to create a similar effect). Ruching creates a voluminous and fuller outfit look, while a shirred garment provides a more stretchy and form-fitting silhouette.

What Is the Difference Between Ruching and Shirring?

Become a better fashion designer with the <a href='https://www.masterclass.com/' target='_self' class='mc-text--link' data-mc-segment-trigger='true' data-mc-segment-event-type='Article Page Click' data-event-obj='{"textTag":"p","href":"https://www.masterclass.com/","linkCopy":"MasterClass Annual Membership","category":null}'>MasterClass Annual Membership</a>. Gain access to exclusive video lessons taught by the world’s best, including Marc Jacobs, Laura Kim &amp; Fernando Garcia, Tan France, Diane von Furstenberg, Anna Wintour, and more.

Want to Learn More About Fashion Design?

Sometimes our ensembles need a little extra flair to stand out. Ruching is a stylish way to add a bit of detail and volume to your clothing.

Sometimes our ensembles need a little extra flair to stand out. Ruching is a stylish way to add a bit of detail and volume to your clothing.
